[texhax] comments on your mla-paper package
Anne-Kathrin Glatz
glatz3 at hei.unige.ch
Fri Feb 27 18:18:05 CET 2004
Hi,
yesterday I installed the new MikTeX version. At first I was happy to find your mla-paper package, but then I realized that it does not work for my purposes and that it is actually dangerous because there already exists an older - very different - mla.sty file (which I have been using).
So I had to delete your mla.sty in order to be able to continue using the old mla.sty (which works perfectly). I am attaching the old mla.sty file and the corresponding .bst files for your information. In my system, the pathnames are mytex/bibtex/bst/mla for the .bst files and mytex/tex/latex/mla for the .sty files.
The header of the old mla.sty file looks as follows:
% Latex style file MLA for use with MLA.bst
% taken completely from the file chicago.sty and
% modified slightly as documented.
% 3/25/97 added functions for the MLAnnote.BST Annotated %bibliography
% Thomas_Weissert at irwins.pvt.k12.pa.us on 10/22/95
You should be aware that it is very dangerous (actually a no-no) in LaTeX to name new style (or other) files using filenames that already exist, so you should rename your package using a different name for your style file!
Your package may work for short term papers, but not for M.A. and PhD theses. I wrote my M.A. thesis using LaTeX and the old mla.sty, and I’m working on my PhD thesis now. I can tell you that I’m not listing all the bibliography entries by hand! I’m using bibtex, and with WinBibDB it’s actually quite easy because there is a user-friendly interface (almost like EndNote).
A very important feature of the old mla.sty file is the command \cite with its different modifications (see the attached mla.sty file) – in combination with bibtex and WinBibDB, this is a really powerful tool that saves a lot of time!
Some other comments: You talk about double spaces after periods. LaTeX automatically makes a large space after each period – conversely, if you just want a “single space” (for example after an abbreviation like “Washington, D. C.” or if you are writing in German, where the convention is to put only a small space after a period ending a sentence), you have to explicitly tell LaTeX to do this by typing “Washington, D.~C.\”.
For details on MLA Style, you should refer people to the MLA Style Manual: A Guide to Scholarly Publishing by Gibaldi. This is the authoritative guide published by the MLA Association.
Again, please change the filename so that people don’t get confused and still have the choice between the old and your mla.sty file (and package).
Many thanks & cheers,
Anne Glatz, Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva (glatz3 at hei.unige.ch)
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% BibTeX bibliography style `MLA' to conform to the MLA stylesheet
% 3/23/97 minor changes to @inproceedings
% modified on 10/21/95 copied much of the tricks of chicago.bst
% now need use use chicago.sty when using this bibstyle
% modified on 3/13/94 converted note3 to "comment" field
% Modified from BibTeX standard bibliography style `plain' by Tom Weissert
% BibTeX standard bibliography style `plain'
% version 0.99a for BibTeX versions 0.99a or later, LaTeX version 2.09.
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than
% btxbst.doc, plain.bst, unsrt.bst, alpha.bst, and abbrv.bst.
% This restriction helps ensure that all standard styles are identical.
% The file btxbst.doc has the documentation for this style.
% The following text is the header for chicago.bst:
% "Chicago" BibTeX style, chicago.bst
% ===================================
%
% BibTeX `chicago' style file for BibTeX version 0.99c, LaTeX version 2.09
% Place it in a file called chicago.bst in the BibTeX search path.
% You need to include chicago.sty as a \documentstyle option.
% (Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.)
% This "chicago" style is based on newapa.bst (American Psych. Assoc.)
% found at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Citation format: (author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name, author-last-name, and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name et al. year)
% (author-last-name)
% author-last-name (year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name)
% (author-last-name et al.)
% (year) or (year,year)
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% These TeX macro definitions are found in chicago.sty. Additional
% commands to manipulate different components of a citation can be defined
% so that, for example, you can list author's names without parentheses
% if using a citation as a noun or object in a sentence.
%
% This file was originally copied from newapa.bst at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Features of chicago.bst:
% =======================
%
% - full names used in citations, but abbreviated citations are available
% (see above)
% - if an entry has a "month", then the month and year are also printed
% as part of that bibitem.
% - all conjunctions use "and" instead of "\&"
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries.
% - book, inbook, and manual use "location: publisher" (or organization)
% for address and publisher. All other types list publishers separately.
% - "pp." are used to identify page numbers for all entry types except
% articles.
% - organization is used as a citation label if neither author nor editor
% is present (for manuals).
% - "et al." is used for long author and editor lists, or when "others"
% is used.
%
% Modifications and bug fixes from newapa.bst:
% ===========================================
%
% - added month, year to bib entries if month is present
% - fixed bug with In proceedings, added necessary comma after title
% - all conjunctions changed to "and" from "\&"
% - fixed bug with author labels in my.full.label: "et al." now is
% generated when "others" is an author name
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries. Unnecessary (IMHO) "()" around page numbers
% were removed, and page numbers now don't end with a period.
% - created chicago.sty for use with this bibstyle (required).
% - fixed bugs in FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages} for missing volume,
% number, and /or pages. Renamed to format.jour.vol.
% - fixed bug in formatting booktitles: additional period an error if
% book has a volume.
% - fixed bug: editors usually given redundant period before next clause
% (format.editors.dot) removed.
% - added label support for organizations, if both author and editor
% are missing (from alpha.bst). If organization is too long, then
% the key field is used for abbreviated citations.
% - In proceedings or books of several volumes, no comma was written
% between the "Volume x" and the page numbers (this was intentional
% in newapa.bst). Fixed.
% - Some journals may not have volumes/numbers, only month/year (eg.
% IEEE Computer). Fixed bug in article style that assumed volume/number
% was always present.
%
% Original documentation for newapa.sty:
% =====================================
%
% This version was made by modifying the master file made by
% Oren Patashnik (PATASHNIK at SCORE.STANFORD.EDU), and the 'named' BibTeX
% style of Peter F. Patel-Schneider.
%
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than 'newapa.bst'.
% There are undoubtably bugs in this style. If you make bug fixes,
% improvements, etc. please let me know. My e-mail address is:
% spencer at cgrg.ohio.state.edu or 71160.3141 at compuserve.com
%
% This style was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
%
%
ENTRY
{ address
author
booktitle
chapter
comment
edition
editor
howpublished
institution
journal
key
month
note
number
organization
pages
publisher
school
series
title
type
volume
year
}
{}
% copied labels from Chicago
{ label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label }
% added "post.title" to integers
% just.space to integers
INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block
post.title}
% added #4 below
FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
#1 'mid.sentence :=
#2 'after.sentence :=
#3 'after.block :=
#4 'post.title :=
}
% added u from chicago:
STRINGS { s t u }
% added outer if loop
FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
output.state post.title =
{ " " * write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ ", " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION {putnodot}
{post.title 'output.state :=}
FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull
if$
}
% removed original bibitem from here
% added the chicago version later in file
%FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
%{ newline$
% "\bibitem{" write$
% cite$ write$
% "}" write$
% newline$
% ""
% before.all 'output.state :=
%}
%
FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
write$
newline$
}
FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.block 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ output.state after.block =
'skip$
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.sentence 'output.state := }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {not}
{ { #0 }
{ #1 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {and}
{ 'skip$
{ pop$ #0 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {or}
{ { pop$ #1 }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
if$
}
% moved format.date function to here for sort
FUNCTION {format.date}
{ year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" }
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
month
}
if$
}
{ month empty$
'year
{ month " " * year * }
if$
}
if$
}
INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
%
% This new function is a modified version of the old function
% the old function has been renamed format.names.alt below
% added if nameptr=1 option and changed format for first
% author to last name first.
FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 =
{ s nameptr "{ll}{, ff}{vv~}{,jj}" format.name$ 't := }
{ s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't := }
if$
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
% this is the original format.names function
FUNCTION {format.names.alt}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
% copied the following two from chicago
FUNCTION {my.full.label}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.names.fml}
%
% Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
% last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
%
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
% { " \& " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.authors}
{ author empty$
{ "" }
{ author format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.key}
{ empty$
{ key field.or.null }
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ ", editors" * }
{ ", editor" * }
if$
}
if$
}
% from chicago:
% Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
% inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
% LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
% by last name first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors.fml}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names.fml
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " (Eds.)" * }
{ " (Ed.)" * }
if$
}
if$
}
%
% this new function is a modified version of the original above
% with the additional use of format.names.alt when the editor
% is not the first name in the entry.
FUNCTION {format.editors.alt}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ "Ed. " editor format.names.alt
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ * }
{ * }
if$
}
if$
}
% removed change.case$ operation on title
FUNCTION {format.title}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ title }
% { title "t" change.case$ }
if$
}
% new function copied from above added quote marks and
% period inside quotes for articles
FUNCTION {format.title.article}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ "``" title * ".''" * }
if$
}
% new function copied from above added quote marks and
% period inside quotes for chapter title in type INBOOK
FUNCTION {format.chapter.inbook}
{ chapter empty$
{ "" }
{ "``" chapter * ".''" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
""
{ t empty$ not }
{ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
{ "--" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
{ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
{ "-" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$ *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
}
% moved format.data function from here
FUNCTION {format.btitle}
{ title emphasize }
FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
{ "~" }
{ " " }
if$
swap$ * *
}
FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
'pop$
{ "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
{ series empty$
{ "" }
{ series }
if$
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{" " * }
{ " of " * series * }
if$
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
{ number empty$
{ series field.or.null }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ "number" }
{ "Number" }
if$
number tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{ "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ " in " * series * }
if$
}
if$
}
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.edition}
{ edition empty$
{ "" }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ edition "l" change.case$ " edition" * }
{ edition "t" change.case$ " edition" * }
if$
}
if$
}
INTEGERS { multiresult }
FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
#0 'multiresult :=
{ multiresult not
t empty$ not
and
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$
duplicate$ "-" =
swap$ duplicate$ "," =
swap$ "+" =
or or
{ #1 'multiresult := }
{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
if$
}
while$
multiresult
}
FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
{ "" }
{ pages multi.page.check
{ " " pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
{ " " pages tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
if$
}
% added the if year empty block to below
FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
{ volume field.or.null
year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" *}
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{ month empty$
{ " (" year * ")" * * }
{ " (" month * " " * year * ")" * * }
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
'skip$
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ": " * pages n.dashify * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages.mag}
{ volume field.or.null
year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" *}
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{ month empty$
{ " " year " " * * }
{ " " month * ". " * year * " " * * }
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
{'skip$}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ": " * pages n.dashify * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
'format.pages
{ type empty$
{ "chapter" }
{ type "l" change.case$ }
if$
chapter tie.or.space.connect
pages empty$
'skip$
{ ", " * format.pages * }
if$
}
if$
}
% modified to use format.editors.alt instead of format.editors
FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ editor empty$
{ " " booktitle emphasize * ". " * }
{ " " booktitle emphasize * ". " * format.editors.alt * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
and and and and and
key empty$ not and
{ "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
{ type empty$
'skip$
{ pop$
type "t" change.case$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
{ type empty$
{ "Technical Report" }
'type
if$
number empty$
{ "t" change.case$ }
{ number tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
{ "See"
"\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
editor num.names$ duplicate$
#2 >
{ pop$ " et~al." * }
{ #2 <
'skip$
{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
{ volume empty$
{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
"In "
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
" of " *
}
if$
editor empty$
editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
or
{ key empty$
{ series empty$
{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
crossref * warning$
"" *
}
{ "\emph{" * series * "}" * }
if$
}
{ key * }
if$
}
{ format.crossref.editor * }
if$
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
{"See" " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" * }
%
% created this function
FUNCTION {format.publishing}
{ address empty$
{publisher}
{address ": " * publisher * }
if$
}
%
% Stole the following label generation
% routines for chicago-like labels in
% the bbl file:
FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
{ 's :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
% forcing "et al".
{ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al." * }
{
numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
#2 'nameptr :=
s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr numnames =
{ s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
{ ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {calc.label}
%
% Changed - GNP. See also author.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
% Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
% for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
% The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
% citation label if author or editor is missing.
%
{ type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.key.label
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.key.organization.label
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.key.organization.label
'author.key.label
if$
}
if$
}
if$
author empty$ % generate the full label citation information.
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ "no author, editor, or organization in " cite$ * warning$
"??" }
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor my.full.label }
if$
}
{ author my.full.label }
if$
% leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
"}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
% year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
%
% save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
%
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$
'label.year :=
}
FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
"\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
calc.label write$
sort.year write$
"}]{" write$
cite$ write$
"}" write$
newline$
""
before.all 'output.state :=
}
%
% changes to article:
% format.title to format.title.article
FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % from chicago
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
note empty$
{}
{ note output
new.block
}
if$
% Added from chicago:
crossref missing$
{ journal emphasize "journal" output.check
putnodot
}
{ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
format.vol.num.pages output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors "editor" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.btitle "title" output.check }
{ format.book.crossref output.nonnull }
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.btitle "title" output.check }
{ format.book.crossref output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.editors.alt output
}
if$
new.block
note output
new.block
format.edition output
new.block
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output %from chicago
new.block
format.title "title" output.check
new.block
howpublished address new.block.checkb
howpublished output
address output
format.date output
note output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inbook}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
{ format.authors output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
new.block
format.chapter.inbook output
putnodot
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ format.edition output
new.block
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
}
{ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
note output
format.date "year" output.check
comment output
new.block
format.pages output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output %from chicago
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
crossref missing$
{format.in.ed.booktitle
"booktitle" output.check
new.block
format.edition output
new.block
note output
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
format.date output
new.block
format.chapter.pages output
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref
output.nonnull
format.date output
new.block
format.chapter.pages output
}
if$
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inproceedings}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output %chicago
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
% organization missing$
% {}
% {" Proceedings of " organization * output}
% if$
new.block
putnodot
note output
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull}
if$
format.date "year" output.check
format.pages output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ organization empty$
'skip$
{ organization output.nonnull
address output
}
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ address new.block.checka
address output
}
'skip$
if$
}
{ organization address new.block.checkb
organization output
address output
}
if$
format.edition output
format.date output
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
"Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {misc}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
journal emphasize
"journal" output.check
putnodot
format.vol.num.pages.mag output
new.block
note output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
new.block
"PhD thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {proceedings}
{ output.bibitem
editor empty$
{ organization output
organization format.key output }
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
note output
format.publishing
"address and publisher" output.check
format.date
"year" output.check
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {techreport}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
format.tr.number output.nonnull
institution
"institution" output.check
address output
format.date
"year" output.check
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {unpublished}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
note "note" output.check
format.date output
new.block
comment output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {default.type} { book }
MACRO {jan} {"January"}
MACRO {feb} {"February"}
MACRO {mar} {"March"}
MACRO {apr} {"April"}
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"August"}
MACRO {sep} {"September"}
MACRO {oct} {"October"}
MACRO {nov} {"November"}
MACRO {dec} {"December"}
READ
FUNCTION {sortify}
{ purify$
"l" change.case$
}
INTEGERS { len }
FUNCTION {chop.word}
{ 's :=
'len :=
s #1 len substring$ =
{ s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
's
if$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
""
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 >
{ " " * }
'skip$
if$
s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
{ "et al" * }
{ t sortify * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
{ 't :=
"A " #2
"An " #3
"The " #4 t chop.word
chop.word
chop.word
sortify
#1 global.max$ substring$
}
FUNCTION {author.sort}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
{ author empty$
{ "missing author in " cite$ * warning$
editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {presort}
% added first 4 lines from chicago for labels:
{ calc.label sortify % recalculate bibitem label
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
" "
*
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.sort
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.organization.sort
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.organization.sort
'author.sort
if$
}
if$
}
if$
#1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
'sort.label := % added for newapa
sort.label % added for newapa
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {presort}
% replace entire sort procedure with the one from chicago:
SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
}
FUNCTION {forward.pass}
%
% Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
% Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
% if two entries are the same (see presort)
%
{ last.label
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
{ last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
}
{ "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
"" 'extra.label :=
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
{ next.extra "b" =
{ "a" 'extra.label := }
'skip$
if$
label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
extra.label 'next.extra :=
}
EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
ITERATE {forward.pass}
REVERSE {reverse.pass}
FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
{ sort.label
" "
*
year field.or.null sortify
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{ preamble$ empty$
'skip$
{ preamble$ write$ newline$ }
if$
"\begin{thebibliography}{}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {begin.bib}
EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
ITERATE {call.type$}
FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
"\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {end.bib}
-------------- next part --------------
%%% ====================================================================
%%% @BibTeX-style-file{
%%% author = "Caitlin Shaw",
%%% version = "1",
%%% date = "13 April 1997",
%%% filename = "hum2.bst",
%%% email = "cmshaw at princeton.edu",
%%% abstract = "A BibTeX bibliography style that follows the
%%% MLA bibliography and author-title citation."
%%% }
%%% ====================================================================
%
%This file was originally named chicago.bst.
%
%Documentation: see hum2.sty. (Includes note on citation hack which
%will look odd if you examine the file below.)
%
%Bibliographic changes: article titles are set in double quotes with the
%ending period inside the block. Format is approximately
% Last, First, F. Last, and F. Last. Title. Journal/Collection-Title,
% Ed. Vol.No. Address: Publisher. Year.
%as MLA standard for books, articles, and incollections.
%
%Known bibliography bugs: crossreferencing title format. You should
%also doublecheck the more obscure types against the MLA Handbook.
%
%See hum2.sty for information on nonstandard .bib formatting.
%
%
%Original information on chicago, no longer valid:
%
% "Chicago" BibTeX style, chicago.bst
% ===================================
%
% BibTeX `chicago' style file for BibTeX version 0.99c, LaTeX version 2.09
% Place it in a file called chicago.bst in the BibTeX search path.
% You need to include chicago.sty as a \documentstyle option.
% (Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.)
% This "chicago" style is based on newapa.bst (American Psych. Assoc.)
% found at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Citation format: (author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name, author-last-name, and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name et al. year)
% (author-last-name)
% author-last-name (year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name)
% (author-last-name et al.)
% (year) or (year,year)
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% These TeX macro definitions are found in chicago.sty. Additional
% commands to manipulate different components of a citation can be defined
% so that, for example, you can list author's names without parentheses
% if using a citation as a noun or object in a sentence.
%
% This file was originally copied from newapa.bst at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Features of chicago.bst:
% =======================
%
% - full names used in citations, but abbreviated citations are available
% (see above)
% - if an entry has a "month", then the month and year are also printed
% as part of that bibitem.
% - all conjunctions use "and" instead of "\&"
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries.
% - book, inbook, and manual use "location: publisher" (or organization)
% for address and publisher. All other types list publishers separately.
% - "pp." are used to identify page numbers for all entry types except
% articles.
% - organization is used as a citation label if neither author nor editor
% is present (for manuals).
% - "et al." is used for long author and editor lists, or when "others"
% is used.
%
% Modifications and bug fixes from newapa.bst:
% ===========================================
%
% - added month, year to bib entries if month is present
% - fixed bug with In proceedings, added necessary comma after title
% - all conjunctions changed to "and" from "\&"
% - fixed bug with author labels in my.full.label: "et al." now is
% generated when "others" is an author name
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries. Unnecessary (IMHO) "()" around page numbers
% were removed, and page numbers now don't end with a period.
% - created chicago.sty for use with this bibstyle (required).
% - fixed bugs in FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages} for missing volume,
% number, and /or pages. Renamed to format.jour.vol.
% - fixed bug in formatting booktitles: additional period an error if
% book has a volume.
% - fixed bug: editors usually given redundant period before next clause
% (format.editors.dot) removed.
% - added label support for organizations, if both author and editor
% are missing (from alpha.bst). If organization is too long, then
% the key field is used for abbreviated citations.
% - In proceedings or books of several volumes, no comma was written
% between the "Volume x" and the page numbers (this was intentional
% in newapa.bst). Fixed.
% - Some journals may not have volumes/numbers, only month/year (eg.
% IEEE Computer). Fixed bug in article style that assumed volume/number
% was always present.
%
% Original documentation for newapa.sty:
% =====================================
%
% This version was made by modifying the master file made by
% Oren Patashnik (PATASHNIK at SCORE.STANFORD.EDU), and the 'named' BibTeX
% style of Peter F. Patel-Schneider.
%
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than 'newapa.bst'.
% There are undoubtably bugs in this style. If you make bug fixes,
% improvements, etc. please let me know. My e-mail address is:
% spencer at cgrg.ohio.state.edu or 71160.3141 at compuserve.com
%
% This style was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
ENTRY
{ address
author
booktitle
chapter
edition
editor
howpublished
institution
journal
key
month
note
number
organization
pages
publisher
school
series
title
type
volume
year
}
{}
{ label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label }
INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
#1 'mid.sentence :=
#2 'after.sentence :=
#3 'after.block :=
}
STRINGS { s t u }
FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{ ", " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
% Use a colon to separate output. Used only for address/publisher
% combination in book/inbook types, address/institution for manuals,
% and organization:publisher for proceedings (inproceedings).
%
FUNCTION {output.nonnull.colon}
{ 's :=
output.state mid.sentence =
{ ": " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.colon}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull.colon
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.check.colon}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull.colon
if$
}
FUNCTION {output.year.check}
{ year empty$
{ "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ write$
" (" year * extra.label *
month empty$
{ ")" * }
{ ", " * month * ")" * }
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
write$
newline$
}
FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.block 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.article}
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ before.all 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ output.state after.block =
'skip$
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.sentence 'output.state := }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {not}
{ { #0 }
{ #1 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {and}
{ 'skip$
{ pop$ #0 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {or}
{ { pop$ #1 }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
'skip$
if$
}
%
% Emphasize the top string on the stack.
%
FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{\em " swap$ * "}" * }
if$
}
%
% Emphasize the top string on the stack, but add a trailing space.
%
FUNCTION {emphasize.space}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "{\em " swap$ * "\/}" * }
if$
}
INTEGERS { one nameptr namesleft numnames }
%
% Format bibliographical entries with the first author last name first,
% and subsequent authors with initials followed by last name.
% All names are formatted in this routine.
%
FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 =
{s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}{, jj}{, ff}" format.name$ 't := }
{s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't := }
if$
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {my.title.label}
{ 's :=
#1 'one :=
s one "{ff }{vv }{ll}" format.name$
}
FUNCTION {my.full.label}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.names.fml}
%
% Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
% last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
%
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
% { " \& " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.authors}
{ author empty$
{ "" }
{ author format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.key}
{ empty$
{ key field.or.null }
{ "" }
if$
}
%
% Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
% inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
% LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
% by last name first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors.fml}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names.fml
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " Eds." * }
{ " Ed." * }
if$
}
if$
}
%
% Format editor names for use in labels, last names first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " Eds." * }
{ " Ed." * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.title}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ title
% "\enquote{" swap$ *
% add.period$ "}" *
"``" swap$ * add.period$ "'' " *
}
if$
}
% Note that the APA style requres case changes
% in article titles. The following does not
% change cases. If you perfer it, uncomment the
% following and comment out the above.
%FUNCTION {format.title}
%{ title empty$
% { "" }
% { title }
% if$
%}
FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
""
{ t empty$ not }
{ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
{ "--" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
{ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
{ "-" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$ *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.btitle}
{ edition empty$
{ title emphasize }
{ title empty$
{ title emphasize }
{ volume empty$ % gnp - check for volume, then don't need period
{ "{\em " title * "\/} (" * edition * " ed.)" * "." * }
{ "{\em " title * "\/} (" * edition * " ed.)" * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.emphasize.booktitle}
{ edition empty$
{ booktitle emphasize }
{ booktitle empty$
{ booktitle emphasize }
{ volume empty$ % gnp - extra period an error if book has a volume
{ "{\em " booktitle * "\/} (" * edition * " ed.)" * "." *}
{ "{\em " booktitle * "\/} (" * edition * " ed.)" * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
{ "~" }
{ " " }
if$
swap$ * *
}
FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
'pop$
{ "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
{ "" }
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
series empty$
'skip$
{ " of " * series emphasize * }
if$
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
{ number empty$
{ series field.or.null }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ "Number" } % gnp - changed to mixed case always
{ "Number" }
if$
number tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{ "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ " in " * series * }
if$
}
if$
}
{ "" }
if$
}
INTEGERS { multiresult }
FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
#0 'multiresult :=
{ multiresult not
t empty$ not
and
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$
duplicate$ "-" =
swap$ duplicate$ "," =
swap$ "+" =
or or
{ #1 'multiresult := }
{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
if$
}
while$
multiresult
}
FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
{ "" }
{ pages multi.page.check
{ "pp.\ " pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect } % gnp - removed ()
{ "pp.\ " pages tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
if$
}
% By Young (and Spencer)
% GNP - fixed bugs with missing volume, number, and/or pages
%
% Format journal, volume, number, pages for article types.
%
FUNCTION {format.jour.vol}
{ journal empty$
{ "no journal in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ journal emphasize.space }
if$
number empty$
{ volume empty$
{ "no number and no volume in " cite$ * warning$
"" * }
{ "~" * Volume * "" * }
if$
}
{ volume empty$
{"no volume for " cite$ * warning$
"~(" * number * ")" * }
{ "~" *
volume emphasize.space
"." * number * "" * * }
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
{"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$
"" * } % gnp - place a null string on the stack for output
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ", " * pages n.dashify * } % gnp - removed pp. for articles
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
'format.pages
{ type empty$
{ "Chapter" } % gnp - changed to mixed case
{ type "t" change.case$ }
if$
chapter tie.or.space.connect
pages empty$
{"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$} % gnp - added check
{ ", " * format.pages * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ editor empty$
{ "" format.emphasize.booktitle * }
{ "" format.editors.fml * ", " * format.emphasize.booktitle * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
{ type empty$
'skip$
{ pop$
type "t" change.case$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
{ type empty$
{ "Technical Report" }
'type
if$
number empty$
{ "t" change.case$ }
{ number tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
{ "See"
"\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
editor num.names$ duplicate$
#2 >
{ pop$ " et~al." * }
{ #2 <
'skip$
{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
{ volume empty$
{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
"In "
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
" of " *
}
if$
editor empty$
editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
or
{ key empty$
{ series empty$
{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
crossref * warning$
"" *
}
{ "{\em " * series * "\/}" * }
if$
}
{ key * }
if$
}
{ format.crossref.editor * }
if$
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
{ "See"
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
% format.lab.names:
%
% determines "short" names for the abbreviated author information.
% "Long" labels are created in calc.label, using the routine my.full.label
% to format author and editor fields.
%
% There are 4 cases for labels. (n=3 in the example)
% a) one author Foo
% b) one to n Foo, Bar and Baz
% c) use of "and others" Foo, Bar et al.
% d) more than n Foo et al.
%
FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
{ 's :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
% forcing "et al".
{ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al." * }
{
numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
#2 'nameptr :=
s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr numnames =
{ s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
{ ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {calc.label}
%
% Changed - GNP. See also author.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
% Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
% for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
% The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
% citation label if author or editor is missing.
%
{ type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.key.label
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.key.organization.label
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.key.organization.label
'author.key.label
if$
}
if$
}
if$
author empty$ % generate the full label citation information.
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ "no author, editor, or organization in " cite$ * warning$
"??" }
{ organization }
if$
}
{ title my.title.label }
if$
}
{ title my.title.label }
if$
% leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
"}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
% year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
%
% save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
%
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$
'label.year :=
}
FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
"\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
calc.label write$
sort.year write$
"}]{" write$
cite$ write$
"}" write$
newline$
""
before.all 'output.state :=
}
FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
crossref missing$
{ format.jour.vol output
}
{ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors
"author and editor" output.check }
{ format.authors
output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ format.bvolume output
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
address output
publisher "publisher" output.check.colon
}
{ new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
howpublished output
address output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inbook}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors
"author and editor" output.check
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ format.bvolume output
format.chapter.pages
"chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.number.series output
new.sentence
address output
publisher
"publisher" output.check.colon
}
{ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle
"booktitle" output.check
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
format.chapter.pages output % gnp - was special.output.nonnull
% left out comma before page numbers
new.sentence
address output
publisher "publisher" output.check.colon
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref
output.nonnull
format.chapter.pages output
}
if$
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inproceedings}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle
"booktitle" output.check
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
address output
format.pages output
new.sentence
organization output
publisher output.colon
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ organization "organization" output.check
organization format.key output } % if all else fails, use key
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
organization address new.block.checkb
% Reversed the order of "address" and "organization", added the ":".
address output
organization "organization" output.check.colon
% address output
% ":" output
% organization output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
"Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {misc}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output % added
title howpublished new.block.checkb
format.title output
new.block.article
howpublished output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
new.block
"Ph.\ D. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {proceedings}
{ output.bibitem
editor empty$
{ organization output
organization format.key output } % gnp - changed from author format.key
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
% author format.key output % gnp - removed (should be either
% editor or organization
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
address output
new.sentence
organization output
publisher output.colon
new.block
output.year.check % added (newapa)
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {techreport}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
format.tr.number output.nonnull
institution
"institution" output.check
address output
new.block
output.year.check % added
new.block
note output
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {unpublished}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % added
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block.article
output.year.check % added
new.block
note "note" output.check
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }
MACRO {jan} {"January"}
MACRO {feb} {"February"}
MACRO {mar} {"March"}
MACRO {apr} {"April"}
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"August"}
MACRO {sep} {"September"}
MACRO {oct} {"October"}
MACRO {nov} {"November"}
MACRO {dec} {"December"}
READ
FUNCTION {sortify}
{ purify$
"l" change.case$
}
INTEGERS { len }
FUNCTION {chop.word}
{ 's :=
'len :=
s #1 len substring$ =
{ s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
's
if$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
""
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 >
{ " " * }
'skip$
if$
s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
{ " et~al" * }
{ t sortify * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
{ 't :=
"A " #2
"An " #3
"The " #4 t chop.word
chop.word
chop.word
sortify
#1 global.max$ substring$
}
FUNCTION {author.sort}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
{ author empty$
{ "missing author in " cite$ * warning$
editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
%
% added - GNP. Stack author or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
%
% added - GNP. Stack editor or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
% Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ organization sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {presort}
%
% Presort creates the bibentry's label via a call to calc.label, and then
% sorts the entries based on entry type. Chicago.bst adds support for
% including organizations as the sort key; the following is stolen from
% alpha.bst.
%
{ calc.label sortify % recalculate bibitem label
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
" "
*
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.sort
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.organization.sort
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.organization.sort
'author.sort
if$
}
if$
}
if$
#1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
'sort.label := % added for newapa
sort.label % added for newapa
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {presort}
SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
}
FUNCTION {forward.pass}
%
% Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
% Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
% if two entries are the same (see presort)
%
{ last.label
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
{ last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
}
{ "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
"" 'extra.label :=
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
{ next.extra "b" =
{ "a" 'extra.label := }
'skip$
if$
label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
extra.label 'next.extra :=
}
EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
ITERATE {forward.pass}
REVERSE {reverse.pass}
FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
{ sort.label
" "
*
year field.or.null sortify
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{ preamble$ empty$
'skip$
{ preamble$ write$ newline$ }
if$
"\begin{thebibliography}{}" write$ newline$
"\newcommand{\enquote}[1]{``#1''}"
write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {begin.bib}
EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
ITERATE {call.type$}
FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
"\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {end.bib}
-------------- next part --------------
% BibTeX bibliography style `MLAA' to conform to the MLA stylesheet
% for annotated bibliography. Created on 3/23/97 from MLA.bst
% adds two new bibtex fields called ANNOTATION and ANNOTE
% to be compatible with chicago ANNOTATION is looked for first,
% then ANNOTE is used if the other is absent.
% by Thomas_Weissert at irwins.pvt.k12.pa.us
%
% 3/23/97 minor changes to @inproceedings
% modified on 10/21/95 copied much of the tricks of chicago.bst
% now need use use chicago.sty when using this bibstyle
% modified on 3/13/94 converted note3 to "comment" field
% Modified from BibTeX standard bibliography style `plain' by Tom Weissert
% BibTeX standard bibliography style `plain'
% version 0.99a for BibTeX versions 0.99a or later, LaTeX version 2.09.
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than
% btxbst.doc, plain.bst, unsrt.bst, alpha.bst, and abbrv.bst.
% This restriction helps ensure that all standard styles are identical.
% The file btxbst.doc has the documentation for this style.
% The following text is the header for chicago.bst:
% "Chicago" BibTeX style, chicago.bst
% ===================================
%
% BibTeX `chicago' style file for BibTeX version 0.99c, LaTeX version 2.09
% Place it in a file called chicago.bst in the BibTeX search path.
% You need to include chicago.sty as a \documentstyle option.
% (Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.)
% This "chicago" style is based on newapa.bst (American Psych. Assoc.)
% found at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Citation format: (author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name, author-last-name, and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name et al. year)
% (author-last-name)
% author-last-name (year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name)
% (author-last-name et al.)
% (year) or (year,year)
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% These TeX macro definitions are found in chicago.sty. Additional
% commands to manipulate different components of a citation can be defined
% so that, for example, you can list author's names without parentheses
% if using a citation as a noun or object in a sentence.
%
% This file was originally copied from newapa.bst at ymir.claremont.edu.
%
% Features of chicago.bst:
% =======================
%
% - full names used in citations, but abbreviated citations are available
% (see above)
% - if an entry has a "month", then the month and year are also printed
% as part of that bibitem.
% - all conjunctions use "and" instead of "\&"
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries.
% - book, inbook, and manual use "location: publisher" (or organization)
% for address and publisher. All other types list publishers separately.
% - "pp." are used to identify page numbers for all entry types except
% articles.
% - organization is used as a citation label if neither author nor editor
% is present (for manuals).
% - "et al." is used for long author and editor lists, or when "others"
% is used.
%
% Modifications and bug fixes from newapa.bst:
% ===========================================
%
% - added month, year to bib entries if month is present
% - fixed bug with In proceedings, added necessary comma after title
% - all conjunctions changed to "and" from "\&"
% - fixed bug with author labels in my.full.label: "et al." now is
% generated when "others" is an author name
% - major modification from Chicago Manual of Style (13th ed.) is that
% only the first author in a reference appears last name first-
% additional authors appear as J. Q. Public.
% - pages are listed as "pp. xx-xx" in all entry types except
% article entries. Unnecessary (IMHO) "()" around page numbers
% were removed, and page numbers now don't end with a period.
% - created chicago.sty for use with this bibstyle (required).
% - fixed bugs in FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages} for missing volume,
% number, and /or pages. Renamed to format.jour.vol.
% - fixed bug in formatting booktitles: additional period an error if
% book has a volume.
% - fixed bug: editors usually given redundant period before next clause
% (format.editors.dot) removed.
% - added label support for organizations, if both author and editor
% are missing (from alpha.bst). If organization is too long, then
% the key field is used for abbreviated citations.
% - In proceedings or books of several volumes, no comma was written
% between the "Volume x" and the page numbers (this was intentional
% in newapa.bst). Fixed.
% - Some journals may not have volumes/numbers, only month/year (eg.
% IEEE Computer). Fixed bug in article style that assumed volume/number
% was always present.
%
% Original documentation for newapa.sty:
% =====================================
%
% This version was made by modifying the master file made by
% Oren Patashnik (PATASHNIK at SCORE.STANFORD.EDU), and the 'named' BibTeX
% style of Peter F. Patel-Schneider.
%
% Copyright (C) 1985, all rights reserved.
% Copying of this file is authorized only if either
% (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy, including name, or
% (2) if you do make changes, you name it something other than 'newapa.bst'.
% There are undoubtably bugs in this style. If you make bug fixes,
% improvements, etc. please let me know. My e-mail address is:
% spencer at cgrg.ohio.state.edu or 71160.3141 at compuserve.com
%
% This style was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
%
%
ENTRY
{ address
annote
annotation
author
booktitle
chapter
comment
edition
editor
howpublished
institution
journal
key
month
note
number
organization
pages
publisher
school
series
title
type
volume
year
}
{}
% copied labels from Chicago
{ label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label }
% added "post.title" to integers
% just.space to integers
INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block
post.title}
% added #4 below
FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
#1 'mid.sentence :=
#2 'after.sentence :=
#3 'after.block :=
#4 'post.title :=
}
% added u from chicago:
% added ann for annotation
STRINGS { s t u ann}
% added outer if loop
FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
output.state post.title =
{ " " * write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ ", " * write$ }
{ output.state after.block =
{ add.period$ write$
newline$
"\newblock " write$
}
{ output.state before.all =
'write$
{ add.period$ " " * write$ }
if$
}
if$
mid.sentence 'output.state :=
}
if$
}
if$
s
}
FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
'pop$
'output.nonnull
if$
}
% created the following function to put not dot in the output function
FUNCTION {putnodot}
{post.title 'output.state :=}
FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
'output.nonnull
if$
}
% removed original bibitem from here
% added the chicago version later in file
%FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
%{ newline$
% "\bibitem{" write$
% cite$ write$
% "}" write$
% newline$
% ""
% before.all 'output.state :=
%}
%
FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
write$
newline$
}
FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.block 'output.state := }
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ output.state after.block =
'skip$
{ output.state before.all =
'skip$
{ after.sentence 'output.state := }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {not}
{ { #0 }
{ #1 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {and}
{ 'skip$
{ pop$ #0 }
if$
}
FUNCTION {or}
{ { pop$ #1 }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.block
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checka}
{ empty$
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {new.sentence.checkb}
{ empty$
swap$ empty$
and
'skip$
'new.sentence
if$
}
FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ "" }
{ "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
if$
}
% moved format.date function to here for sort
FUNCTION {format.date}
{ year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" }
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
month
}
if$
}
{ month empty$
'year
{ month " " * year * }
if$
}
if$
}
INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
%
% This new function is a modified version of the old function
% the old function has been renamed format.names.alt below
% added if nameptr=1 option and changed format for first
% author to last name first.
FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 =
{ s nameptr "{ll}{, ff}{vv~}{,jj}" format.name$ 't := }
{ s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't := }
if$
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
% this is the original format.names function
FUNCTION {format.names.alt}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
% copied the following two from chicago
FUNCTION {my.full.label}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.names.fml}
%
% Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
% last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
%
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ s nameptr "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr #1 >
{ namesleft #1 >
{ ", " * t * }
{ numnames #2 >
{ "," * }
'skip$
if$
t "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * t * }
% { " \& " * t * }
if$
}
if$
}
't
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {format.authors}
{ author empty$
{ "" }
{ author format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.key}
{ empty$
{ key field.or.null }
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ ", editors" * }
{ ", editor" * }
if$
}
if$
}
% from chicago:
% Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
% inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
% LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
% by last name first.
%
FUNCTION {format.editors.fml}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ editor format.names.fml
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ " (Eds.)" * }
{ " (Ed.)" * }
if$
}
if$
}
%
% this new function is a modified version of the original above
% with the additional use of format.names.alt when the editor
% is not the first name in the entry.
FUNCTION {format.editors.alt}
{ editor empty$
{ "" }
{ "Ed. " editor format.names.alt
editor num.names$ #1 >
{ * }
{ * }
if$
}
if$
}
% removed change.case$ operation on title
FUNCTION {format.title}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ title }
% { title "t" change.case$ }
if$
}
% new function copied from above added quote marks and
% period inside quotes for articles
FUNCTION {format.title.article}
{ title empty$
{ "" }
{ "``" title * ".''" * }
if$
}
% new function copied from above added quote marks and
% period inside quotes for chapter title in type INBOOK
FUNCTION {format.chapter.inbook}
{ chapter empty$
{ "" }
{ "``" chapter * ".''" * }
if$
}
FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
""
{ t empty$ not }
{ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
{ "--" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
{ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
{ "-" *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$ *
t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
}
if$
}
while$
}
% moved format.data function from here
FUNCTION {format.btitle}
{ title emphasize }
FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
{ "~" }
{ " " }
if$
swap$ * *
}
FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
'pop$
{ "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
{ series empty$
{ "" }
{ series }
if$
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{" " * }
{ " of " * series * }
if$
"volume and number" number either.or.check
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
{ number empty$
{ series field.or.null }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ "number" }
{ "Number" }
if$
number tie.or.space.connect
series empty$
{ "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
{ " in " * series * }
if$
}
if$
}
{ "" }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.edition}
{ edition empty$
{ "" }
{ output.state mid.sentence =
{ edition "l" change.case$ " edition" * }
{ edition "t" change.case$ " edition" * }
if$
}
if$
}
INTEGERS { multiresult }
FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
#0 'multiresult :=
{ multiresult not
t empty$ not
and
}
{ t #1 #1 substring$
duplicate$ "-" =
swap$ duplicate$ "," =
swap$ "+" =
or or
{ #1 'multiresult := }
{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
if$
}
while$
multiresult
}
FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
{ "" }
{ pages multi.page.check
{ " " pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
{ " " pages tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
if$
}
% added the if year empty block to below
FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages}
{ volume field.or.null
year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" *}
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{ month empty$
{ " (" year * ")" * * }
{ " (" month * " " * year * ")" * * }
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
'skip$
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ": " * pages n.dashify * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.vol.num.pages.mag}
{ volume field.or.null
year empty$
{ month empty$
{ "" *}
{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
if$
}
{ month empty$
{ " " year " " * * }
{ " " month * ". " * year * " " * * }
if$
}
if$
pages empty$
{'skip$}
{ duplicate$ empty$
{ pop$ format.pages }
{ ": " * pages n.dashify * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
'format.pages
{ type empty$
{ "chapter" }
{ type "l" change.case$ }
if$
chapter tie.or.space.connect
pages empty$
'skip$
{ ", " * format.pages * }
if$
}
if$
}
% modified to use format.editors.alt instead of format.editors
FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle}
{ booktitle empty$
{ "" }
{ editor empty$
{ " " booktitle emphasize * ". " * }
{ " " booktitle emphasize * ". " * format.editors.alt * }
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
and and and and and
key empty$ not and
{ "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
'skip$
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}
{ type empty$
'skip$
{ pop$
type "t" change.case$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.tr.number}
{ type empty$
{ "Technical Report" }
'type
if$
number empty$
{ "t" change.case$ }
{ number tie.or.space.connect }
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
{ "See"
"\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
editor num.names$ duplicate$
#2 >
{ pop$ " et~al." * }
{ #2 <
'skip$
{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
if$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
{ volume empty$
{ "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
"In "
}
{ "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
" of " *
}
if$
editor empty$
editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
or
{ key empty$
{ series empty$
{ "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
crossref * warning$
"" *
}
{ "\emph{" * series * "}" * }
if$
}
{ key * }
if$
}
{ format.crossref.editor * }
if$
" \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
}
FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
{"See" " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" * }
%
% created this function
FUNCTION {format.publishing}
{ address empty$
{publisher}
{address ": " * publisher * }
if$
}
%
% Stole the following label generation
% routines for chicago-like labels in
% the bbl file:
FUNCTION {format.lab.names}
{ 's :=
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
% forcing "et al".
{ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al." * }
{
numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
#2 'nameptr :=
s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr numnames =
{ s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
{ " et~al." * }
{ " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
}
{ ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.label}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
%
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.key.organization.label}
%
% added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
%
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label}
{ author empty$
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
'key
if$
}
{ editor format.lab.names }
if$
}
{ author format.lab.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {calc.label}
%
% Changed - GNP. See also author.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
% Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
% for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
% The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
% citation label if author or editor is missing.
%
{ type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.key.label
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.key.organization.label
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.key.organization.label
'author.key.label
if$
}
if$
}
if$
author empty$ % generate the full label citation information.
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ "no author, editor, or organization in " cite$ * warning$
"??" }
{ organization }
if$
}
{ editor my.full.label }
if$
}
{ author my.full.label }
if$
% leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
"}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
% year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
%
% save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
%
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$
'label.year :=
}
FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
"\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
calc.label write$
sort.year write$
"}]{" write$
cite$ write$
"}" write$
newline$
""
before.all 'output.state :=
}
FUNCTION {place.annote}
{annote missing$
{annotation missing$
{}
{ "\annote{" annotation * "}" * output putnodot}
if$ }
{ "\annote{" annote * "}" * output putnodot}
if$
}
%
% changes to article:
% format.title to format.title.article
FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output % from chicago
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
note empty$
{}
{ note output
new.block
}
if$
% Added from chicago:
crossref missing$
{ journal emphasize "journal" output.check
putnodot
}
{ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
format.pages output
}
if$
format.vol.num.pages output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors "editor" output.check
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.btitle "title" output.check }
{ format.book.crossref output.nonnull }
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull
new.block
crossref missing$
{ format.btitle "title" output.check }
{ format.book.crossref output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.editors.alt output
}
if$
new.block
note output
new.block
format.edition output
new.block
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors output
author format.key output %from chicago
new.block
format.title "title" output.check
new.block
howpublished address new.block.checkb
howpublished output
address output
format.date output
note output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inbook}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
{ format.authors output.nonnull
crossref missing$
{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
'skip$
if$
}
if$
new.block
format.chapter.inbook output
putnodot
format.btitle
"title" output.check
crossref missing$
{ format.edition output
new.block
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
}
{ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
new.block
format.book.crossref output.nonnull
}
if$
new.block
note output
format.date "year" output.check
comment output
new.block
format.pages output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output %from chicago
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
crossref missing$
{format.in.ed.booktitle
"booktitle" output.check
new.block
format.edition output
new.block
note output
format.bvolume output
new.block
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
format.date output
new.block
format.chapter.pages output
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref
output.nonnull
format.date output
new.block
format.chapter.pages output
}
if$
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {inproceedings}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors "author" output.check
author format.key output %chicago
new.block
format.title.article "title" output.check
putnodot
crossref missing$
{ format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
% organization missing$
% {}
% {" Proceedings of " organization * output }
% if$
new.block
putnodot
note output
format.publishing "address and publisher" output.check
}
{ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull}
if$
format.date "year" output.check
format.pages output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }
FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
author empty$
{ organization empty$
'skip$
{ organization output.nonnull
address output
}
if$
}
{ format.authors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.btitle "title" output.check
author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ address new.block.checka
address output
}
'skip$
if$
}
{ organization address new.block.checkb
organization output
address output
}
if$
format.edition output
format.date output
new.block
note output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
"Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
note output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {misc}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title.article
"title" output.check
putnodot
journal emphasize
"journal" output.check
putnodot
format.vol.num.pages.mag output
new.block
note output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
new.block
"PhD thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull
school "school" output.check
address output
format.date "year" output.check
new.block
note output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {proceedings}
{ output.bibitem
editor empty$
{ organization output
organization format.key output }
{ format.editors output.nonnull }
if$
new.block
format.btitle
"title" output.check
note output
format.publishing
"address and publisher" output.check
format.date
"year" output.check
format.bvolume output
format.number.series output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {techreport}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
format.tr.number output.nonnull
institution
"institution" output.check
address output
format.date
"year" output.check
new.block
note output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {unpublished}
{ output.bibitem
format.authors
"author" output.check
author format.key output
new.block
format.title
"title" output.check
new.block
note "note" output.check
format.date output
new.block
comment output
place.annote
fin.entry
}
FUNCTION {default.type} { book }
MACRO {jan} {"January"}
MACRO {feb} {"February"}
MACRO {mar} {"March"}
MACRO {apr} {"April"}
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"August"}
MACRO {sep} {"September"}
MACRO {oct} {"October"}
MACRO {nov} {"November"}
MACRO {dec} {"December"}
READ
FUNCTION {sortify}
{ purify$
"l" change.case$
}
INTEGERS { len }
FUNCTION {chop.word}
{ 's :=
'len :=
s #1 len substring$ =
{ s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
's
if$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.names}
{ 's :=
#1 'nameptr :=
""
s num.names$ 'numnames :=
numnames 'namesleft :=
{ namesleft #0 > }
{ nameptr #1 >
{ " " * }
'skip$
if$
s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
{ "et al" * }
{ t sortify * }
if$
nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
}
while$
}
FUNCTION {sort.format.title}
{ 't :=
"A " #2
"An " #3
"The " #4 t chop.word
chop.word
chop.word
sortify
#1 global.max$ substring$
}
FUNCTION {author.sort}
{ author empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
"" }
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.editor.sort}
{ author empty$
{ "missing author in " cite$ * warning$
editor empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {author.organization.sort}
{ author empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need author, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
if$
}
{ author sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {editor.organization.sort}
{ editor empty$
{ organization empty$
{ key empty$
{ "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
""
}
{ key sortify }
if$
}
{ "The " #4 organization chop.word sortify }
if$
}
{ editor sort.format.names }
if$
}
FUNCTION {presort}
% added first 4 lines from chicago for labels:
{ calc.label sortify % recalculate bibitem label
year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
" "
*
type$ "book" =
type$ "inbook" =
or
'author.editor.sort
{ type$ "proceedings" =
'editor.organization.sort
{ type$ "manual" =
'author.organization.sort
'author.sort
if$
}
if$
}
if$
#1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
'sort.label := % added for newapa
sort.label % added for newapa
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {presort}
% replace entire sort procedure with the one from chicago:
SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
"" 'next.extra :=
#0 'last.extra.num :=
}
FUNCTION {forward.pass}
%
% Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
% Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
% if two entries are the same (see presort)
%
{ last.label
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
{ last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
}
{ "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
"" 'extra.label :=
calc.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
#1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
}
if$
}
FUNCTION {reverse.pass}
{ next.extra "b" =
{ "a" 'extra.label := }
'skip$
if$
label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
extra.label 'next.extra :=
}
EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
ITERATE {forward.pass}
REVERSE {reverse.pass}
FUNCTION {bib.sort.order}
{ sort.label
" "
*
year field.or.null sortify
*
" "
*
title field.or.null
sort.format.title
*
#1 entry.max$ substring$
'sort.key$ :=
}
ITERATE {bib.sort.order}
SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{ preamble$ empty$
'skip$
{ preamble$ write$ newline$ }
if$
"\begin{thebibliography}{}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {begin.bib}
EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
ITERATE {call.type$}
FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
"\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}
EXECUTE {end.bib}
-------------- next part --------------
% Latex style file MLA for use with MLA.bst
% taken completely from the file chicago.sty and
% modified slightly as documented.
% 3/25/97 added functions for the MLAnnote.BST Annotated bibliography
% Thomas_Weissert at irwins.pvt.k12.pa.us on 10/22/95
%%% ====================================================================
%%% @LaTeX-style-file{
%%% author = "Glenn Paulley",
%%% version = "4",
%%% date = "31 August 1992",
%%% time = "09:42:44 199",
%%% filename = "chicago.sty",
%%% address = "Data Structuring Group
%%% Department of Computer Science
%%% University of Waterloo
%%% Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
%%% N2L 3G1",
%%% telephone = "(519) 885-1211",
%%% FAX = "(519) 885-1208",
%%% checksum = "44674 264 1050 10394",
%%% email = "gnpaulle at bluebox.uwaterloo.ca",
%%% codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
%%% keywords = "",
%%% supported = "yes",
%%% abstract = "Contains the LaTeX style command definitions
%%% for the Chicago BibTeX styles chicago.bst and
%%% chicagoa.bst. For details, see below.",
%%% docstring = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16
%%% checksum as the first value, followed by the
%%% equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word
%%% count) utility output of lines, words, and
%%% characters. This is produced by Robert
%%% Solovay's checksum utility.",
%%% }
%%% ====================================================================
%
% chicago.sty: Style file for use with bibtex style chicago.bst, for
% bibliographies formatted according to the 13th Edition of the Chicago
% Manual of Style.
%
% 'newapa.bst' was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
% newapa.sty formed the basis of this style, chicago.sty. Author-date
% references in newapa.bst formed the basis for chicago.bst. Chicagoa.bst
% supports annotations.
%
% Version 4 (August, 1992):
% - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst to handle long author lists in
% sorting
% - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst so that missing page numbers in
% ``article'' entries are handled correctly
% - modified chicago.sty to format entries with 2nd and subsequent lines
% indented.
%
% Citation format: (author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name et al. year)
% (author-last-name)
% author-last-name
% author-last-name (year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name)
% (author-last-name et al.)
% (year) or (year,year)
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
% This file implements citations for the ``chicago'' bibliography style.
% Place it in a file called chicago.sty in the TeX search path.
%(Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.)
%
% This file is a modification of the ``newapa'' LaTeX style,
% originally adapted by Steven Spencer from the ``apalike'' LaTeX style.
% It was originally modified by Stephen N. Spencer, with further
% modifications by Young U. Ryu.
%
% The ``chicago'' BibTeX bibliography style creates citations with labels:
% \citeauthoryear{author-info}{abbrev. author-info}{year}
%
% These labels are processed by the following LaTeX commands:
%
% \cite{key}
% which produces citations with full author list and year.
% eg. (Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner, Stohl, et al. 1985)
% \citeNP{key}
% which produces citations with full author list and year, but without
% enclosing parentheses:
% eg. Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner and Stohl 1985
% \citeA{key}
% which produces citations with only the full author list.
% eg. (Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl)
% \citeANP{key}
% which produces citations with only the full author list, without
% parentheses eg. Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl
% \citeN{key}
% which produces citations with the full author list and year, but
% can be used as nouns in a sentence; no parentheses appear around
% the author names, but only around the year.
% eg. Shneiderman (1978) states that......
% \citeN should only be used for a single citation.
% \shortcite{key}
% which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year.
% \shortciteNP{key}
% which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year.
% \shortciteA{key}
% which produces only the abbreviated author list.
% \shortciteANP{key}
% which produces only the abbreviated author list.
% \shortciteN{key}
% which produces the abbreviated author list and year, with only the
% year in parentheses. Use with only one citation.
% \citeyear{key}
% which produces the year information only, within parentheses.
% \citeyearNP{key}
% which produces the year information only.
%
% Abbreviated author lists use the ``et al.'' construct.
%
% `NP' means `no parentheses'.
%
% This LaTeX style file must be used with the ``chicago'' or ``chicagoa''
% (annotated chicago style) BibTeX styles.
%
\typeout{Using MLA Manual of Style bibliography: 23 MAR 1997}
% any definitions or changes are so marked as MLA
% The bibliography in MLA Style is called "Works Cited"
% new commands are defined at the end:
%
% \workscited{bibfile}{style}{nocite}
% bibfile is the bibfile.bib
% style is the style.bst file: either MLA or MLAA (annotated)
% nocite is the list of keys or * to issue nocite commands
%
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
%
% Citation macros.
%
\let\@internalcite\cite
%
\def\cite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\citeNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\citeN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1 (##3}\@citedata}
\def\citeA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
\def\citeANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
%
\def\shortcite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 (##3}\@citedata}
\def\shortciteA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
%
\def\citeyear{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@citedata}
\def\citeyearNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@citedata}
%
% \@citedata and \@citedatax:
%
% Place commas in-between citations in the same \citeyear, \citeyearNP,
% \citeN, or \shortciteN command.
% Use something like \citeN{ref1,ref2,ref3} and \citeN{ref4} for a list.
%
\def\@citedata{%
\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@citedatax}%
{\@tempswafalse\@citedatax[]}%
}
\def\@citedatax[#1]#2{%
\if at filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi%
\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do%
{\@citea\def\@citea{, }\@ifundefined% by Young
{b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}%
\@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}%
% don't box citations, separate with ; and a space
% also, make the penalty between citations negative: a good place to break.
%
\def\@citex[#1]#2{%
\if at filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi%
\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do%
{\@citea\def\@citea{; }\@ifundefined% by Young
{b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}%
\@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}%
% (from apalike.sty)
% No labels in the bibliography.
%
\def\@biblabel#1{}
% (from apalike.sty)
% Set length of hanging indentation for bibliography entries.
%
\newlength{\bibhang}
\setlength{\bibhang}{2em}
% Indent second and subsequent lines of bibliographic entries. Stolen
% from openbib.sty: \newblock is set to {}.
\newdimen\bibindent
\bibindent=1.5em
\@ifundefined{refname}%
{\@ifundefined{chapter}%
{\newcommand{\refname}{References}}%
{\newcommand{\refname}{Bibliography}}%
}%
{}%
\@ifundefined{chapter}%
{\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{\refname\@mkboth
{\uppercase{\refname}}{\uppercase{\refname}}}\list
{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\advance\leftmargin\bibindent
\itemindent -\bibindent
\listparindent \itemindent
\parsep \z@
\usecounter{enumi}}
\def\newblock{}
\sloppy
\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}}
{\def\thebibliography#1{\chapter*{\refname\@mkboth
{\uppercase{\refname}}{\uppercase{\refname}}}\list
{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\advance\leftmargin\bibindent
\itemindent -\bibindent
\listparindent \itemindent
\parsep \z@
\usecounter{enumi}}
\def\newblock{}
\sloppy
\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}}
%
% any new definitions for MLA are below
%
\ifx\chapter\@undefined%
\renewcommand{\bibname}{Works Cited}% report style
\else
\renewcommand{\refname}{Works Cited}% Article style
\fi
% Define the command \workscited{bib}{style}{nocite}
\newcommand{\workscited}[3]{%
\ifx\chapter\@undefined%
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bfseries\bibname}% report style
\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\bfseries\refname}% Article style
\fi
\bibliography{#1}\bibliographystyle{#2}\nocite{#3}}
%
% defined the following for the annotated bibliography style
\newcommand{\annote}[1]{\begin{list}{}{%
\setlength{\labelwidth}{0pt}
\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\parindent}
\setlength{\labelsep}{0pt}}%
\item #1 \end{list}}
-------------- next part --------------
% -*- LaTeX -*-
%%% ====================================================================
%%% @LaTeX-style-file{
%%% author = "Caitlin Shaw",
%%% version = "1",
%%% date = "13 April 1997",
%%% filename = "hum2.sty",
%%% email = "cmshaw at princeton.edu",
%%% abstract = "Contains the LaTeX2e style command
%%% definitions for the BibTeX style hum2.bst."
%%% }
%%% ====================================================================
%
%
%hum2.sty: Style file for use with bibtex style hum2.bst, for
%bibliographies formatted according the handbook of the Modern Language
%Association (MLA) and citations of the form footnote(Author, Title,
%Page). Repeated Author/Title will be replaced with Ibid. In addition,
%the article will be doublespaced and margins will be set to 1" standard.
%
%The following packages must be used in addition to hum2.sty:
% ifthen.sty
% doublespace2.sty
%
%This file is a jury-rig of the chicago bst and sty files. It utilizes
%the fact that chicago.bst passes two types of author fields to the
%citation command: full and abbreviated. hum2 replaces the full author
%field with the title (see below for important .bib note) and reformats
%the \cite command (see the bottom of hum2.sty).
%
%IMPORTANT NOTICE
%You must enclose your title in braces in your .bib file, ie,
% title = "{My Book of Computers}",
%
%IMPORTANT NOTICE
%You need to replace (or start using) the command \note instead of \cite
%(see next notice for format).
%
%IMPORTANT NOTICE
%You must pass two commands to \note: first the page number and then the
%citation key. If you do not have a page number, give 'nopage' as the
%first option, ie,
% So she said ``okay.''\cite{nopage}{aB99} Then it
% hit\cite{pages~12--13}{cD88}.
%
%
%Details: it assumes you want a first page numbered 0. Reset
%counter page to 1 if this is not the case. If all you want are the
%citations, the important modifications are the first two lines (\cite
%and \citeNP) and last three lines (\newcommand, \newboolean, and
%\newcommand{\note}). (In fact, I don't know everything that the rest
%of the old chicago.sty file is doing, and didn't change it.)
%
%
% THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION (between the lines) IS MOSTLY OUTDATED
% AND CONTAINS THE ORIGINAL chicago.sty DOCUMENTATION
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
% chicago.sty: Style file for use with bibtex style chicago.bst, for
% bibliographies formatted according to the 13th Edition of the Chicago
% Manual of Style.
%
% 'newapa.bst' was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst',
% with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips
% from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'.
% newapa.sty formed the basis of this style, chicago.sty. Author-date
% references in newapa.bst formed the basis for chicago.bst. Chicagoa.bst
% supports annotations.
%
% Version 4 (August, 1992):
% - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst to handle long author lists in
% sorting
% - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst so that missing page numbers in
% ``article'' entries are handled correctly
% - modified chicago.sty to format entries with 2nd and subsequent lines
% indented.
%
% Citation format: (author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name year)
% (author-last-name et al. year)
% (author-last-name)
% author-last-name
% author-last-name (year)
% (author-last-name and author-last-name)
% (author-last-name et al.)
% (year) or (year,year)
% year or year,year
%
% Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes
% for author in the absence of one.
%
% This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for
% year-only citations. This is done by having the citations
% actually look like
%
% \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year}
%
% The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar)
%
% \let\@internalcite\cite
% \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite}
% \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
% \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite}
%
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
% This file implements citations for the ``chicago'' bibliography style.
% Place it in a file called chicago.sty in the TeX search path.
%(Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.)
%
% This file is a modification of the ``newapa'' LaTeX style,
% originally adapted by Steven Spencer from the ``apalike'' LaTeX style.
% It was originally modified by Stephen N. Spencer, with further
% modifications by Young U. Ryu.
%
% The ``chicago'' BibTeX bibliography style creates citations with labels:
% \citeauthoryear{author-info}{abbrev. author-info}{year}
%
% These labels are processed by the following LaTeX commands:
%
% \cite{key}
% which produces citations with full author list and year.
% eg. (Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner, Stohl, et al. 1985)
% \citeNP{key}
% which produces citations with full author list and year, but without
% enclosing parentheses:
% eg. Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner and Stohl 1985
% \citeA{key}
% which produces citations with only the full author list.
% eg. (Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl)
% \citeANP{key}
% which produces citations with only the full author list, without
% parentheses eg. Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl
% \citeN{key}
% which produces citations with the full author list and year, but
% can be used as nouns in a sentence; no parentheses appear around
% the author names, but only around the year.
% eg. Shneiderman (1978) states that......
% \citeN should only be used for a single citation.
% \shortcite{key}
% which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year.
% \shortciteNP{key}
% which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year.
% \shortciteA{key}
% which produces only the abbreviated author list.
% \shortciteANP{key}
% which produces only the abbreviated author list.
% \shortciteN{key}
% which produces the abbreviated author list and year, with only the
% year in parentheses. Use with only one citation.
% \citeyear{key}
% which produces the year information only, within parentheses.
% \citeyearNP{key}
% which produces the year information only.
%
% Abbreviated author lists use the ``et al.'' construct.
%
% `NP' means `no parentheses'.
%
% This LaTeX style file must be used with the ``chicago'' or ``chicagoa''
% (annotated chicago style) BibTeX styles.
%
%\typeout{Using Chicago Manual of Style bibliography: 31 August 1992}
%
% -------------------------------------------------------------------------
%
% Citation macros.
%
\let\@internalcite\cite
%
\def\cite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, { \em ##1}.}\@internalcite}
\def\citeNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, { \em ##1}}\@internalcite}
%\def\cite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
% \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
% \def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{\footnote{##2, { \em ##1}.}}\@internalcite}
%\def\citeNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
% \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
% \def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{\footnote{##2, { \em ##1}}}\@internalcite}
\def\citeN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1 (##3}\@citedata}
\def\citeA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
\def\citeANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite}
%
\def\shortcite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 ##3}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2 (##3}\@citedata}
\def\shortciteA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
\def\shortciteANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite}
%
\def\citeyear{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi)}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@citedata}
\def\citeyearNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}%
\def\@cite##1##2{##1\if at tempswa , ##2\fi}%
\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@citedata}
%
% \@citedata and \@citedatax:
%
% Place commas in-between citations in the same \citeyear, \citeyearNP,
% \citeN, or \shortciteN command.
% Use something like \citeN{ref1,ref2,ref3} and \citeN{ref4} for a list.
%
\def\@citedata{%
\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@citedatax}%
{\@tempswafalse\@citedatax[]}%
}
\def\@citedatax[#1]#2{%
\if at filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi%
\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do%
{\@citea\def\@citea{, }\@ifundefined% by Young
{b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}%
\@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}%
% don't box citations, separate with ; and a space
% also, make the penalty between citations negative: a good place to break.
%
\def\@citex[#1]#2{%
\if at filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi%
\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do%
{\@citea\def\@citea{; }\@ifundefined% by Young
{b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}%
\@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%
{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}%
% (from apalike.sty)
% No labels in the bibliography.
%
\def\@biblabel#1{}
% (from apalike.sty)
% Set length of hanging indentation for bibliography entries.
%
\newlength{\bibhang}
\setlength{\bibhang}{2em}
% Indent second and subsequent lines of bibliographic entries. Stolen
% from openbib.sty: \newblock is set to {}.
\newdimen\bibindent
\bibindent=1.5em
\@ifundefined{refname}%
{\@ifundefined{chapter}%
{\newcommand{\refname}{References}}%
{\newcommand{\refname}{Bibliography}}%
}%
{}%
\@ifundefined{chapter}%
{\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{\refname\@mkboth
{\uppercase{\refname}}{\uppercase{\refname}}}\list
{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\advance\leftmargin\bibindent
\itemindent -\bibindent
\listparindent \itemindent
\parsep \z@
\usecounter{enumi}}
\def\newblock{}
\sloppy
\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}}
{\def\thebibliography#1{\chapter*{\refname\@mkboth
{\uppercase{\refname}}{\uppercase{\refname}}}\list
{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\advance\leftmargin\bibindent
\itemindent -\bibindent
\listparindent \itemindent
\parsep \z@
\usecounter{enumi}}
\def\newblock{}
\sloppy
\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}}
%
% hum2 central modifications below
%
\setstretch{1.7}
\setlength{\voffset}{0pt}
\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0pt}
\setlength{\headheight}{0pt}
\setlength{\headsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\textheight}{8.5in}
\setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}
\renewcommand{\refname}{Bibliography}
\setcounter{page}{0}
\newcommand{\oldcite}{aaaa}
\newboolean{two}
\newcommand{\note}[2]{\ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{nopage}}{\setboolean{two}{false}}{\setboolean{two}{true}}\footnote{\ifthenelse{\equal{#2}{\oldcite}}{\ifthenelse{\boolean{two}}{{\it Ibid},~#1.}{{\it Ibid}.}}{\ifthenelse{\boolean{two}}{\citeNP[#1]{#2}.}{\citeNP{#2}.}}}\renewcommand{\oldcite}{#2}}
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